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wherever you get your podcasts. Welcome to the HBR Idea Cast from Harvard Business Review.

I'm Sarah Green.

Today I'm talking with Tamas Temorro Promusich,

a regular contributor to HBR,

and the author of the book Confidence.

He's professor of business psychology at University College

London and vice president of innovation at Hogan Assessments.

Tamos, thanks so much for talking with us today.

My pleasure. So I thought we would just start by talking about how you define confidence.

Is it the same thing as being charismatic or extroverted?

Well, confidence has two faces, an external face and an internal face.

And the external phase of confidence looks a lot like extroversion.

And extroverts are usually more charismatic than introverts,

at least in most Western societies.

However, one can be internally confident without projecting that to others and when people

see you as overly confident you will be seen as arrogant and even obnoxious rather

than charming or extroverted. Narcissists are a very good example of this.

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