Hey, proof listeners, it's Jack Bishop.

You know that here at America's Test Kitchen, we're all about giving home bakers the tools they need to bake like pros.

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Thank you. Consider Plugra Premium European Style Butter. Last time on proof, just before the eruption of the French Revolution, Thomas Jefferson,

and his enslaved chef James Hemings were on a ship back to America.

For five years, Hemingsings had trained under the finest chefs in the world in Paris, was

paid for his labor, and cooked for the French elite amid the backdrop of a bubbling revolution against them.

He was such an anomaly.

The food that he prepared made Jefferson famous.

Paris had abolished slavery and Hemmings could have declared his own freedom on French soil,

but he didn't, leading us to believe that Jefferson may have floated Hemmings the possibility of his freedom should he return to America.

Jefferson was a silver tongue.

I think that he believed Jefferson's lies.

In 1789, Hemings returned to Virginia and to Jefferson's kitchen, still enslaved.

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