This is CBSI on the world. I'm John Bachelors. It's a pleasure to speak to Judy Dempsey of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace about something that's not war and desperation. And we have a topic, American technology. The Financial Times asks the controversial question in Europe, can Europe break free of American tech supremacy?

The sub-ed explains, the continent's dependence on U.S. groups for digital infrastructure is causing

growing concern among executives and policymakers.

Well, the homespun way of responding to this is, what are they doing about it, Judy?

Everybody complains about Facebook and X, but nobody does anything.

Are they ready?

Well, the European Commission, that's the executive of the EU, slapping on fines of how Facebook

and meta are exploiting the position in the European Union.

But we've heard this before, the whole technological gap between the United States and the Europeans.

We've heard it before.

What is Europe doing about it?

Europe has a huge problem.

And one is the very few successful companies that are doing tech on a very, very high level.

SAP is one of the few. Secondly, Europe lacks a kind of infrastructure and indigenous infrastructure to promote the kind of technology that will compete with the United States or even reduce the dependence on Europe, on the United States.

But you just wonder, can the Europeans ever, it's not even a question of catch up.

Do they have the huge financial resources to actually do this?

They know what is at stake.

The dependence, the direction the American system is going,

the kind of intrusion, the kind of helplessness in some ways that Europe is facing when it comes to these extraordinarily rich tech companies who seem to be more concerned with making money and expanding their huge basis across the world, rather than seeing any kind of more positive, I don't want to use philanthropic, but more positive elements of

this huge infrastructure. But to answer your question, the Europeans talk about it, but it's a bit

like the coalitions of the willing for Ukraine, are they willing to deliver in terms of rapid

investment? And remember, they need skills. They need a skilled workforce and skilled CEOs, skilled industry bosses

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