I'm John Baxter, visiting with Professor Jonathan Healy.

The new book is The Blood in Winter, England on the brink of Civil War, 1642.

There's lots of violence.

There's lots of threats.

There are people grabbing their weapons.

They're threatening in the crowds.

They swing sabers at each other.

But the threat that upsets the king more than any other in my imagination

is a threat to impeach the queen, Henrietta Maria.

And that may drive decisions by the king.

It also is going to lead to its time to flee.

But before with the fleeing, I want to come to what happens in late January. it's time to flee. But before with the fleeing,

I want to come to what happens in late January.

There's violence every night, Professor.

And the violence can seem ceremonial as if there are crowds coming out and crowds not coming out.

There are several nights where the crowds don't come out.

Is it organized in any

fashion or are people really spontaneous? And historians have debated this point for many,

many years. And I think there must be some kind of organization. There's definitely a few,

there's one particularly striking moment where there's a report and it shows that

there's a debate going on in Parliament and the junto are losing. So someone runs into the

city, city of London, goes to a shop where they know someone will be, finds one of the MP's

...