Oh, wow, oh, oh, oh, wow, oh, oh, man.

Oh, my.

And the world. Hello, you're listening to The Science of Everything podcast, episode 47, Vision, Part 3.

And I'm your host, James Fodor.

So, in our previous two parts in our vision series, we talked about the structure of the eye,

we talked about the photoreceptors, we talked about redopsin, and how that is involved in the

transduction of a photon signal into an electrical impulse that the brain

can interpret. We talked about the ganglion cells and the bipolar cells in the retina

and their receptive fields. We talked about the optic tract and how the signals are sent out

from the retina and how they cross over at the optic chasm. We talked about the lateral geniculate

nucleus with its six different layers and the different types of ganglion cells synapsing with different layers in the lateral genicular nucleus.

We then talked about how the lateral genicular nucleus sends its input in turn to, or sends its output in turn to area V1 of the primary visual cortex. And so it's now time to take a look

in more detail at area V1 and how it works and its structure and function and so on. And so in this

episode we'll be talking about that. We'll also be talking about the higher cortical areas like V2 and

V3, the IT and the MT areas and some of the other areas in the parietal and temporal lobes that

relate to vision. And I'll also be talking about the dual streams hypothesis of visual processing

whereby visual processing is basically broken up into the what and the where pathways that

process different types of information. Recommended pre-listening for this episode? Well, you guessed it

vision, parts one and two, and therefore the prerequisites to those as well.

You really do have to have listened to those before we listen to this, otherwise it's unlikely you're going to be able to follow much of what I'm saying.

Okay, so let's get started. So the problem in visual cortex is probably, well, it's definitely the best studied visual area in the brain.

I might even go so far as to say that it's the best studied area of the brain, at least of the neocortex,

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