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Welcome to the age of Napoleon.

Episode 37, Breaking the Pendulum.

Thanks for joining me.

In this episode, we'll return to Paris and see what was going on in French politics while Napoleon was busy defeating the Austrians.

The last time we looked at this topic was way back in episode 22, when we saw the brand new directory successfully defend itself from a right-wing insurrection with a little help from a young Corsican artillery officer.

We've talked a little bit about the directory since then. In episode 24, I went over some of the achievements of this much maligned government.

The directory improved France's financial position,

professionalized the civil service,

and imposed a measure of stability on a country that desperately needed it.

In this episode, we're going to look at some of the political developments under the directory, which will bring the ugly sides of this regime into sharp focus.

In case anyone needs a refresher, the directory is the generic name we give to the system of government

enshrined in the Constitution of year three. But that name comes from a specific institution

...