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beat. Hello everyone and welcome to talk nerdy. Today is Monday, November 13th,

2023 and I'm the host of the show Kara Santa Maria and as always I do want to thank those of you who make talk nerdy possible

Remember talk nerdy is and will always always be 100% free to download and in order to make that possible

I do rely on the support of listeners just like you.

It's been a while I think since I've given a full shout out to the patrons because I've been

traveling so much since finishing my PhD and sort of readjusting before coming back home for good and starting my postdoc.

So I do want to make sure that I give an appropriate shout out to my top patrons this week.

They include Daniel Lang, David J. E. Smith, Mary Niva, Brian Holden, David Compton,

Gabriel F. Hadamillo, Joe Wilkinson, Pasquale-Jilati, and Ulrika Hagman.

Thank you all so, so much.

I do want to also let you know that this episode may be slightly noisier than usual.

I'm staying with a friend in Los Angeles.

There's a bit of street noise behind me.

And my interviewee, Dr. Jonathan Howard, is in New York,

as you'll hear, and there's quite a bit of street noise

behind him as well.

So this is quite a city episode,

...