We are really lucky to be joined by Leonard Heim. He said China is catching up with the US in AI

capabilities and that it didn't matter. What's America's big advantage? Having eight times

more of the resource, which is the most important. Let's start on why compute matters and what it

drives. I think it's kind of to say computers like the currency of AI. Every time it's being produced

requires computing power. If you have less compute, you've got less AI workers. And population

size is pretty important for economic growth. There is this question about a world where compute

resources are highly concentrated. Typically in political systems, we don't like concentration

of power. Let's look at the status quo. I think like 60 to 70% of all

supercomputers are in the US. I'm not an anti-trans lawyer, but I think this is at least something

one should look into. This also explains in a sense why the EU and why India and also the UAE

are pushing for their own compute infrastructure. So this sense of this concentration risk is really

being noticed

increasingly over the last five years. How do you imagine it plays out? I don't think the plan

is like every country is going to like redevelop the whole tech stack and come up a down solution.

Again, maybe I'm a little bit too much kumbaya. It would be nice if we can just get together

and just say like you're the standards, here're sort of the democratic world is doing AI.

We are really lucky to be joined by Lenart Heim. He is a researcher and information scientist at Rand,

the OG of think tanks. He's been an advisor of E. Pop, which is an

AI research group, which readers of exponential view know that we rather like. I have been following

his work for a long time, and he recently wrote an essay on the China Talk substack,

arguing two things. He said China is catching up with the US

in AI capabilities and that it didn't matter. So that is something to talk about. Let's get into

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