This is John Batchel, a conversation with my colleague Bob Zimmerman about a study from NASA and the effect of extended weightlessness or weightlessness at all on the human eye.

Bob gives a summary, and then we have a happy conversation about why NASA had taken so long to experiment with centrifuges or spinning space stations.

There's much more on this topic.

Any travel to Mars is going to require mitigating the effect of weightlessness, which is profound.

As Bob says, they won't be able to walk when they reach Mars unless more of this tonight here's bob

on the study of the eyeball the astronaut and low earth orbit more to come wait this is well

yeah this new study had to do with changes in the eyeballs a previous many studies over the last half century started with the Russians, but with Skylab

and the American ISS in Mears stations, the Russian Mia station.

We found that your bone density gets very weakens, which means your bones become fragile.

Your cardiovascular system gets very weak.

Your spine straightens causes back pain.

One of the more recent discoveries is vision problems.

They discovered that the eye flattens in weightlessness, which affects,

and this is what the new study has found, looking at 28 individuals that flew on ISS for long missions.

They found that about half of them had this problem, a little more than half, actually, about half, where the eye flattened and it caused vision problems.

What this study also found is that women had less of a problem this than men.