Forget about beer, or even water; it was hard apple cider that was THE drink of choice in colonial America. Even kids drank it! And since it’s made from apples – the “all-American” fruit – what could be more American than cider? But apples aren’t native to America. They’re originally from Kazakhstan. In this episode we look at the immigration story of Malus domestica, the domesticated apple, from its roots in the wild forests of Central Asia, to its current status as an American icon. And we look at how apples and cider were used in some of America’s biggest migrations – from Indigenous tribes who first brought apples west across the continent, to the new immigrants who are using hard cider to bridge cultures and find belonging.   Featuring Soham Bhatt and Susan Sleeper-Smith. Special thanks to everyone Felix spoke to at the Cider Days Festival, including Ben Watson, Charlie Olchowski, and Bob Sabolefski.   LINKS How to Make Hard Cider George and Ursula Granger: The Erasure of Enslaved Black Cidermakers, by Darlene Hayes. An Apple Commons: reflections by cidermaker Melissa Maddens on what it means to forage from wild apple orchards – relics of this country’s history of dispossessing Indigenous people of their lands.   SUPPORT Outside/In is made possible with listener support. Click here to become a sustaining member of Outside/In.  Subscribe to our free newsletter. Follow Outside/In on Instagram and Twitter. Join our private podcast discussion group on Facebook.   CREDITS Produced and mixed by Felix Poon Edited by: Taylor Quimby Executive producer: Rebecca Lavoie Additional editing: Justine Paradis, Jessica Hunt,  and Rebecca Lavoie Theme: Breakmaster Cylinder Additional music by Jharee, Kevin MacLeod  and Blue Dot Sessions. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices