I'm John Bachelor with Professor Barry Strauss of the Hoover Institution

Emeritus at Cornell University. His new book is Jews versus Roman, Rome. And it is

4th century AD. And the very prominent Christian bishop, Jerome, is writing of the Gallus revolt.

What is that, Professor?

So, yes, good question.

What is that?

It's a revolt that takes place in the year 351 and 352.

Gallus is the Roman official in charge of the eastern part of the Roman Empire, a relative of the emperor.

And we don't actually know very much about this revolt.

We get a few bits and snatches about it from the ancient sources,

particularly both from the Christian sources and the pagan Roman sources.

And it seems to take place in the Galilee.

There's a figure, a man named Patrick, Patricius,

and Patrick, not generally considered a Jewish name nowadays,

but it was in ancient times,

because we know of a man who endowed a synagogue named Patricius,

and the Roman source, the pagan source, says that the Jews treated him as a king,

which makes many of us suspect they treated him as a Messiah.

Now, the revolt was centered in the Galilee, but there

were still a few Jews living in Judea in the historic heartland, not far from Jerusalem. And in recent years,

archaeologists have found coin hordes from these revolts. The rebels did not issue their own coins.

They used Roman coins,

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