Hello and welcome to the Intelligence from the Economist.

In New York, I'm John Fassman.

Every weekday we provide a fresh perspective on the events shaping your world.

36 years ago, world leaders signed the Montreal Protocol, which limited the use of chemicals

that damaged the Earth's ozone layer.

It proved successful, but whether it provides a model for future climate accords is another question.

And when the pandemic began, many economists saw automation as a solution for businesses,

just as many workers feared being displaced.

That displacement hasn't happened.

We'll explain why.

But first, in the middle of October, I went up to a farm near the city of Cherne-Heath

in northern Ukraine owned by Fikolid Kachenko, a farm where they farm about 1,500 hectares.

And he was forced to flee the farm when the Russians invaded.

They occupied it for several weeks in March and early April.

They don't have the roof, they are complaining.

They are saying, what are you doing?

Why don't you do the ceiling cross?

In the fighting for the farm and in the occupation by Russian troops, a lot of buildings were destroyed.

It shells, landowners, territory.

He's got an entire field full of 220 millimeter rocket casings.

Matt Steinglas is the economist Europe correspondent.

He knocked the roof off of his cow shed for big holes in the office and destroyed the automated

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