Hello, thanks for listening to this Darma podcast. I hope you consider that in accordance

with the Buddhist tradition all of my work is a teacher is offered without charge and supported

entirely by donations only. If you'd like to support this work, you'll find a paypal button on

darmapunks NYC.com.

That's it tonight, sub-personalities,

early Buddhist perspectives and contemporary insights into what they are, how they come about,

how to work with them and how they can cause to a degree psychological challenges for us if we do not address when the sub-personalities that have been developed become too rigidly fixed.

So the Western concept of mind certainly that reached its full articulation with Renee

Descartes was that thought was the epicenter of the mind, thought was the driving seat and that the mind was governed

much like a car is by a driver, that the mind was governed by the, by thought, by rational ideations. It's a little bit like for a long time we thought by we I mean our species

thought that the Earth was in the epicenter of the universe, that we didn't revolve around

the sun, that everything revolved around us.

And that's because it seems that way.

It seems that the Earth is in the center of the universe because it looks to us like the sun rises and sets and the opposite horizon and so it gives

us appearance that we are of vast central importance and likewise because we are while we're

away most aware of inner chatter, the inner thought that's created by a very small region of the

left frontal cortical region of the brain, broken Wernicke's region, we tend to believe that

thought is what's actually driving our behaviors, is what is making us move, is what's responsible and we even believe that thought is the

constituent of our identity, that which defines us.

So when our thoughts become irrational at times

or when they start repeating themselves during states of anxiety when we have intrusive ideations,

when we are having panic attacks and so forth, or anxiety it can feel like oh my God I am

...