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Welcome to Before Breakfast, a production of I-Hart Radio.

Good morning.

This is Laura.

Welcome to the Before Breakfast podcast.

Today's tip is that knowing what you need to do is not enough.

It also takes smart planning to make progress toward your goals.

Psychologist Lori Santos and philosopher and cognitive scientist Tamar Gin, have written about what they call the

G.I. Joe fallacy. Listeners of a certain age may be able to guess what this is. Each episode of the

1980s cartoon G.I. Joe ended with a public service announcement, providing a tip for making good

choices. Things like,

don't give a stranger your address, or don't tell anyone your home alone. Now I know,

the informed child would say, and knowing is half the battle, the PSA would conclude. It turns out

G.I. Joe was wrong. According to these experts in a lot of domains,

knowing is actually less than half the battle. Hence the fallacy. Knowledge alone isn't enough to make

good choices. We are more influenced by the situation and our habits and emotions. I think if you think about it, this will seem pretty

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