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The Inquiry

Is trouble brewing for the worldwide tea industry?

The Inquiry

BBC

News Commentary, News

4.61.7K Ratings

🗓️ 4 November 2025

⏱️ 24 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Matcha, a long-time popular drink in Japan, has gone global. Major chains now serve it, and coffee start-ups are competing to offer their own photogenic takes on the vivid green drink.

But the growing craze exposes bigger problems for the wider tea industry.

Tea is a delicate crop, highly sensitive to changing weather conditions. Around the world, farmers are reporting falling yields, altered growing seasons and a higher risk of disease due to climate change. Labour shortages and economic issues are also affecting supply chains, creating uncertainty for producers and consumers.

From drone technology helping to monitor remote fields to the extraordinary claim that tea could one day grow on the moon, scientists and growers are exploring bold new solutions.

Is trouble brewing for the worldwide tea industry?

Contributors Katharine Burnett, Founding Director at the Global Tea Institute for the Study of Tea Culture and Science and Professor of Chinese Art History at the University of California, Davis, based in the United States Cristina Larrea, Director of Agriculture, Food and Sustainability Initiatives at the International Institute for Sustainable Development, based in Canada Harki Sidhu, Consulting Program Coordinator for India at the Rainforest Alliance, based in India Liberal Seburikoko, deputy CEO at Ethical Tea Partnership, based in Rwanda

Presenter: Tanya Beckett Producer: Matt Toulson Researcher: Maeve Schaffer Sound engineer: Craig Boardman Production management assistant: Liam Morrey Editor: Tom Bigwood

(Photo: Lady drinking tea. Credit: Redhead pictures/Getty Images)

Transcript

Click on a timestamp to play from that location

0:00.0

BBC Sounds, Music, radio, podcasts.

0:05.7

Welcome to the inquiry from the BBC World Service with me, Tanya Beckett.

0:10.8

One question, four expert witnesses, and an answer.

0:18.9

Are you partial to splashing out on a healthy beverage

0:22.5

when you're taking a few minutes away from your work?

0:26.3

If so, you may have noticed your social media feed

0:29.6

packed with videos of influencers,

0:32.4

consuming cups of a frothy green drink called matcher tea.

0:39.1

Matcha tea comes primarily from Japan,

0:42.5

where the leaves of the Camelia Sinensis plant

0:45.0

are grown in the shade, then steamed, dried, and ground into a fine powder.

0:51.7

The trend to consume it has become so strong that food chains have added

0:56.0

matcha drinks to their menus. But beneath the hype, tea farmers around the world are facing

1:03.6

increased challenges from climate change. Record-breaking heat waves in Japan, labour shortages and US tariffs on Japanese imports

1:13.2

are threatening higher prices and limited availability for consumers.

1:18.5

This week on the inquiry, we're asking,

1:21.3

is trouble brewing for the worldwide tea industry?

1:29.0

Part 1, steeped in history.

1:33.6

So the Global Tea Institute for the study of tea culture and science is unique because

1:38.5

it's the only one in the world.

1:40.1

Our first expert witness is Catherine Burnett, founding director of the Global Tea Institute.

1:46.2

Behind tea, but also considers tea across the disciplines in cultures and social sciences.

...

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