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BBC Inside Science

Human embryos, Transit of Mercury, Fishackathon, Fat labradors

BBC Inside Science

BBC

Science

4.61.3K Ratings

🗓️ 5 May 2016

⏱️ 28 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

In a major advance in the field of embryology, scientists this week have kept human embryos alive in petri dishes for record amounts of time. The legal limit for keeping fertilised human embryos in the lab is 14 days, a cut-off point set in 1979. Back then, scientists were able to keep embryos alive for only a few days, meaning the limit was only a theoretical one. Advances mean that this week, in 2 papers, researchers have reached that limit. Professor Ali Brivanlou, Robert and Harriet Heilbrunn Professor of Stem Cell biology and molecular embryology at Rockefeller University is lead author on one of the papers, and Professor Bobbie Farsides is a clinical and biomedical ethicist at Brighton and Sussex Medical School. They join Adam to discuss the next steps for embryology. Should this limit curtail research?

Next Monday is the transit of Mercury. 13 times a century, Mercury passes directly between us and the Sun, and creates a pinprick shadow, a pixel of black for about 8 hours. This strange planet has no atmosphere, but a lot explosive volcanic activity. It has an eccentric orbit - meaning its distance from the sun fluctuates wildly. A Mercury year is 88 Earth days, but a Mercury day lasts almost two mercury years. David Rothery is a professor of Planetary Sciences at the Open University. He reveals how scientists study this planet and explains how, and how not to view the transit of Mercury.

Overfishing is one of the biggest threats to the health of our oceans. According to the UN, up to a third of the world's fisheries are overexploited or depleted. It is a huge complex problem with many inputs and outputs to compute. So who better to tackle it than a team of hackers? Recently, coders around the globe gathered to take on the challenge, in a 48-hour Fishackathon. Reporter Anand Jagatia went along and reports back to Adam

Most dog lovers will know that Labradors are particularly keen to eat anything, all the time, at any time. As a result, some are a bit corpulent, even obese. The cause is likely to be in their genes. A new study in the current issue of Cell Metabolism has identified that genetic basis for the perpetual hunger. Eleanor Raffan from Cambridge University, geneticist and vet, led the study. She explains to Adam how she gathered a cohort of dogs.

Transcript

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0:00.0

Hello You, this is the podcast version of Inside Science from BBC Radio 4, first broadcast on the 5th of May 2016.

0:07.0

I'm Adam Rutherford. I'm not sure what the overlap is between the Adam and Joe BBC Six Music Podcast and BBC Inside Science,

0:15.0

but there's a section at the end of today's program which features a Labrador called

0:17.9

Poppy who's lovely, who sounds a lot like boggin's.

0:22.6

More information about our programs at BBC.co.

0:25.4

UK slash radio for.

0:27.3

In the zoo today, fat dogs, weasles and fish.

0:30.9

For all you Labrador owners trying desperately to stop them eating

0:34.4

everything, well it's in their genes and we may well have bred it into them.

0:39.1

We've been hacking fish which doesn't involve sushi chefs, it's coders trying to solve the problems

0:44.4

of sustainable fishing. We've a quick update on weasels and their very important work

0:48.8

at the Large Hadron Collider and we find out what we can learn about that most capricious of planets Mercury by looking at it

0:56.2

when it passes in front of the sun on Monday. But first, in a major advance in the field of

1:01.3

embryology, scientists this week have kept human embryos alive in petradishes for record amounts of time.

1:07.6

I'm sure you're all familiar with the images of single cells being fertilised or even clumps of cells under the microscope. Those ones are really only a few hours old.

1:17.0

The legal limit for scientists to keep fertilised embryos in the lab is 14 days.

1:22.0

It's a hollow ball of cells at this stage but about to transform into a complex

1:26.4

structure with internal dimensions. Now 14 days is a somewhat arbitrary cutoff point

1:32.3

partly to do with the embryo developing to such a stage that

1:35.4

after this point it can't divide into twins. It was set in 1979 when it was only theoretically

1:42.0

possible a long way on the horizon.

1:44.4

Now a lot has happened since then, especially with huge advances in reproductive medicine

...

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