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This is Scientific American's 60-second science. I'm Christopher in Taliatta.

If a hummingbird's ever visited your garden,

you've no doubt seen it flit from flower to flower hovering midair as it sips on nectar.

That activity requires plenty of energy,

so hummingbirds need a lot of nectar to feed their hungry metabolisms.

In fact, some of them probably drink two or three times their body mass in nectar every day.

Andrew McKechnie, an ornithologist at the University of Pretoria in South Africa.

McKechnie and his colleagues have studied hummingbirds at extreme elevations in the Peruvian Andes.

To survive there, the tiny birds have developed a few tricks. For one,

their blood cells are unusually efficient at transporting oxygen. Also, it's more difficult to hover

in the high altitude thin air, and so... The hummingbirds at those higher elevations are much more

prone to perching while they feed. So that does seem to be one way in which they try and reduce the energy

expenditure. Now McKechnie and his colleagues have found another energy-saving adaptation. The high

mountain hummingbirds can lower their body temperature by extreme amounts at night, going into a state

called torpor. I mean, for all intents and appearances, they essentially debt. They're that unresponsive.

The scientists caught six species of Andean hummingbirds and monitor their temperatures throughout night and day.

And they found that all six species could enter some type of torpor. They lower their body temperatures from about 100 degrees

...