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I'm John Batchel with Bob Zimmerman, my longtime good colleague in the author of The Story of Apollo 8, Genesis, the first man flight to another world. It is January, 1967.

Apollo 1 is on the launch pad being checked out by three senior astronauts. And then, Bob, this catastrophe is easy to remember for all of us

who were watching at the time, because it was a blow to NASA. It was a blow that had not been expected. They weren't actually

blasting off. What happened, Bob, in Apollo 1? It's interesting, John, but this was a case where

they were not careful. And that's why the failure happened. This was a launch pad dress rehearsal countdown.

The three astronauts, Gus Chris from the commander, Ed White, who was also an experienced astronaut,

he had done the first spacewalk, and Roger Chaffee, who had never flown in space before.

These guys were in the capsule in their spacesuits, and they were doing with mission control the equivalent of a dresser capsule countdown preparing for the first Apollo

mission on manned mission in orbit, hopefully in 67. And at some point there was a spark in the capsule,

and within less than a minute and a half, those three men burned to death.

Suffocated, mostly, because the oxygen burned, and there was no, the heat killed them as well as the lack of oxygen.

They were dead within 75 seconds.

And at that moment in time, there was a sudden wake up at NASA that there's a problem.

...