The best gift I've ever received has to be a bike when I was younger, a pedal bike.

It was a sort of slick little road bike and I remember it was all like, it was so, it was all wrapped up,

it was so obvious what it was obviously because nothing shaped like a bike and I had a little ribbon on it and I was so

a guest. For that was a life changer and I'm still sort of big on cycling around my area now so, for that one change me a little.

Enjoy in every sip with red cups now back at Starbucks.

My guest today is a very controversial figure. Dr. Charles Murray is the FA Hayek chair, Emma Wrightis and cultural studies at the American Enterprise Institute, the co-author of the Bell Curve.

He has been physically assaulted when he has tried to give speeches by leftists. He has routinely called a white supremacist and a bigot and all kinds of things.

The difference between me and the left on this is I've actually read his books and while I have misgivings about some of the things he says is fine, I'm convinced that he's a man of goodwill and not a bigot at all.

However, his new book, Facing Reality, Two Truths About Race in America is really quite shocking and so I wanted to bring him on and let him explain it to you and you can make up your own mind.

Charles, are you there? I am there. I can hear you. I can't see you now but hopefully they'll bring you up.

So, you open up Facing Reality by saying that you're writing the book to counter the left's obviously ridiculous accusations of systemic racism in America.

And here's one of the opening sentences in the book. You say, of the many facts about race that are ignored. Two above all, long since documented beyond reasonable doubt, must be brought into the open.

The first is that American whites, blacks, Latinos, and Asians as groups have different means and distributions of cognitive ability.

Now, I read human diversity and I have to say it sounded like a fancy way of saying that blacks are not as intelligent on average as whites. So, what are you saying?

I'm saying that when you give mental tests whether they are IQ tests or whether they're tests of reading and writing or history or anything else, you can you name it.

There is a consistent substantial difference between whites and blacks, between Asians and whites, and there's a difference also between Latinos and other groups.

These are group means. And Andrew, the thing that is artist for me to get people to realize is that you can have a difference in means between two groups.

But that doesn't sort them into separate bins. These are overlapping distributions to use the jargon or put it more simply millions of blacks are smarter than millions of whites.

And if you start from that point, and so yeah, there's a difference in means. I think you have a much different appreciation of the importance of knowing about it.

It is not because looking at a person and seeing the color of their skin tells you how smart they are. It does not. But if you are talking about large social consequences, educational outcomes, occupational outcomes among groups, you will see differences that are rooted in the difference in mean cognitive ability.

And are you convinced, I mean, when the great migration started and blacks started coming up from the south to the north, they took intelligence tests and a lot of northern blacks were smarter than southern whites and southern blacks were less smart.

So are you sure that these results are not just cultural artifacts that can be gotten rid of by cultural needs?

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