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The "What is Money?" Show

Core vs Knots, Lightning Network, and the Fight for Bitcoin’s Future w/ Graham Krizek

The "What is Money?" Show

Robert Breedlove

Bitcoin, Breedlove, What Is Money, Investing, Rabbit Hole, Cryptocurrency, Money, Finance, Education, Robert Breedlove, History

4.8710 Ratings

🗓️ 5 September 2025

⏱️ 131 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

The Lightning Network is Bitcoin’s most powerful scaling solution, but how does it actually work, and can it really deliver on the promise of cheap, instant payments? Graham Krizek joins the show to break down the Core vs Knots debate, the future of Bitcoin’s Layer 2s, the risks and rewards of Lightning yield, balancing privacy and auditability, and how Lightning makes Visa, Mastercard, and altcoins obsolete. Graham Krizek is the founder and CEO of Voltage Cloud and has over ten years of experience in Bitcoin and software engineering and contributing to open source Bitcoin technology.

Transcript

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0:00.0

Across the entire crypto ecosystem, lightning is the fastest and cheapest way of transacting, like period. It's faster than Tron. All coiners are going to lose their minds. I know. I was very few people in the world that understand Bitcoin. But there's even fewer people in the world that understand layer two technologies like the Lightning network. In the beginning of this year, Tether announced that they're going to be issuing Tether on top of lightning. And so that is, I think, one of the big unlocks to kind of solve the problem of people not wanting to spend Bitcoin. Is there any way that the powers at B could censor payments on Lightning? I think mining pool concentration is a risk to Bitcoin decentralization. This is the biggest problem that we have in Bitcoin, and no one's really talking about it.

0:40.4

I'm curious your thoughts on the Bitcoin core versus Nott's controversy that we're watching

0:46.5

unfold.

0:47.3

AI agents are so much faster than humans that they need a payments network that is similarly

0:52.2

as fast, which is lightning.

1:03.4

There's very few people in the world that understand Bitcoin.

1:07.3

I don't even know if it's possible to fully understand Bitcoin.

1:11.6

But there's even fewer people in the world that understand layer two technologies like the Lightning Network,

1:18.6

which I guess is still the biggest layer to Bitcoin technology.

1:23.6

So maybe we could just start there like broad strokes.

1:26.6

What is, you know, Bitcoin is a layer one and what are these layer two technologies and what is the Lightning Network?

1:34.0

Yeah. I think it's also a really relevant question just because we've seen a lot more Bitcoin layer two's pop up in the last six months to a year.

1:41.9

So what ultimately like a layer two on Bitcoin is is it's just a

1:44.9

an additional layer, whether that's a peer to peer network or an additional blockchain or

1:49.9

some other mechanism that is made to help scale the Bitcoin blockchain. And so when you think

1:55.8

about Bitcoin layer one, there's some things that are natural tradeoffs to keep the security

2:00.8

of the network it has to

2:02.8

by nature kind of be a little bit more expensive to transact because you have to pay the miners to

2:06.6

validate you know the transactions do the blocks produce blocks all those things then you also have

2:11.3

to have the slower block creation time to keep that you know to keep the security of the network so with those things

2:19.8

it naturally is you know it can be expensive and slow to transact that's one of the biggest

2:24.5

gripes that people have about bitcoin oh it's slow and expensive well these that's what a layer

...

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