From the Center for European Reform, this is the CIA podcast.

Poson us seriously the question of the

future that we want, and we all

all together, the courage to it construct.

For us in Germany, is the

Bekenness to the European Europe,

a part of our state's resolve.

A strong united Europe is a necessity for the world,

because an integrated Europe remains vital to our

international order. This is the moment for Europe world because integrated Europe remains vital to our international order.

This is the moment for Europe to lead the way towards a new vitality.

Hello and welcome to the last CER podcast of 2023. My name is Octavia Hughes and today we're

going to review the year and look ahead to 2024 with

some of the researchers here at the CER. Let's start with Elizabeth Cornago, who's going to bring us

up to speed with the EU's year in the context of climate and energy. So, Elizabeth, what would

you say have been the highlights of EU energy and climate policy in 2023. Thank you, Octavia. Yeah,

if we look back at this very CR end of your podcast, last year was quite different. It was all

about the energy crisis, dissecting the measures that the EU put in place to mitigate its

impacts and also laying out the risks ahead for 2023. So let me break down my answer in three

parts. First, I'll look at Europe's security of supply, how it has played out in the past year.

Second, I'll take a look at milestones in EU energy policy and third climate policy. So the main,

I guess, policy highlights of the past year. Perhaps let me also do some self-publicity and say that I go into much more detail in a bunch

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