We will hear argument next in case 24-624, case versus Montana.

Mr. Rowley.

Thank you, Mr. Chief Justice.

It may it please the Court.

This Court has never allowed state officials to force their way into someone's home without a warrant or probable cause.

It should not start now.

There is no liberty interest more deeply rooted in the Fourth Amendment than the sanctity of the home.

The Court has long recognized that physical entry of the home is the chief evil against which the wording of the Fourth Amendment is directed.

And the facts here well illustrate what's at stake with such entries. The police

entered Trevor Case's home without permission, a warrant, or even probable cause, and they

ended up shooting him in his own house. Montana seeks to justify this intrusion under the

emergency aid exception, which permits a home entry only when an officer

has an objectively reasonable basis for believing that an occupant is seriously injured

or imminently threatened with such injury.

As Montana previously acknowledged, that standard, quote, requires in function, if not in form,

that officers have probable cause to believe

someone's in danger and requires immediate assistance, close quote.

Now Montana insists probable cause is not the right standard, but it also doesn't defend

the reasonable suspicion standard applied by the Montana Supreme Court below.

Instead, Montana and the United States asked the court to adopt some other threshold

that would permit officials for the first time to breach the sanctity of the home

when they don't have permission, don't have a warrant, and don't even have facts

...