Hey there. Thanks for stopping by. My name is Josh. You're at Darma Punk's New York.

And as a Buddhist pastor I'm boarded entirely by donations so if you'd like to support my work

it's Benmo Darma Punkunks with an X NYC. Paypal button is on the

DarmaPunks with an X NYC website and the podcast site.

And tonight, attachment theory, what is it?

What was developed by John Bulby,

and Bulby started out his career as a Freudian psycho analyst, but he was also a very independent

thinker who upended classical Freudian drive theory,

noting that the core drive of the human being

was not in, as Freud proposed to discharge libidinal desire,

but rather to attach to other people for support, protection, and care.

And that's pretty, it was always a tough ask to go with the strictly Freudian

account that the infants bond with the caregivers to discharge libidinal drives, much easier to see that the baby simply is born prematurely and like all mammals, we are very vulnerable when we're born so we desperately attach to caregivers trying to

find protection because we're not capable of surviving on our own.

So Bulby was a clinical researcher and worked with children,

especially orphans during the tail end of World War II. He did a lot of research and he

started to see the significant disruptions that happen in the child's

emotional development in the aftermath of separation from caregivers.

Bolby with his colleague Mary Ainsworth, enormously important figure in contemporary and 20th century psychology, Mary Ains worth in Bolby noted with far greater detail than any of the

the Frodians and the post-Froydian object relation school,

they noted in detail how the patterns of connection

between the pattern, the parent and the child creates enduring patterns that influence how the child will attach

...