AaS! 123: What Powers a Hypernova?
Ask a Spaceman!
Paul M. Sutter
4.8 • 853 Ratings
🗓️ 3 March 2020
⏱️ 27 minutes
🧾️ Download transcript
Summary
How can a supernova become even more powerful? Why do we have such a hard time studying them, let alone defining them? What happens when you let a giant star unleash its full potential? I discuss these questions and more in today's Ask a Spaceman!
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Music by Jason Grady and Nick Bain. Thanks to Cathy Rinella for editing.
Hosted by Paul M. Sutter, astrophysicist and the one and only Agent to the Stars (http://www.pmsutter.com).
Transcript
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| 0:00.0 | Now that we all have that nonsense, |
| 0:10.7 | egghead, string theory nerd business out of the way, |
| 0:16.0 | you know my favorite thing to do after I do a long series, like I did on string theory, is to blow |
| 0:22.5 | something up. |
| 0:25.0 | I mean, it just releases all that energy we spend talking about arcane mathematics. |
| 0:30.3 | Now we could just, now we can just blow something up. |
| 0:32.5 | And my most favorite thing to blow up, of course, is stars. |
| 0:36.4 | Let's blow up some stars. And let's, because it's special, let's try to find a way to blow up, of course, is stars. Let's blow up some stars. And let's, because |
| 0:39.2 | it's special, let's try to find a way to blow up a star in the most magnificent way possible. |
| 0:46.3 | I'm talking bigger than a Nova, bigger than a kilonova, which is another episode, if you, |
| 0:50.5 | if you want to ask. Bigger than a supernova. I'm talking about a hypernova. |
| 0:57.1 | Yes, a hypernova. |
| 1:00.6 | We sorted out the definitions of Nova and Supernova about 100 years ago, but of course, Mother |
| 1:07.1 | Nature outwitted us because we thought we had taken the most extreme, the most powerful |
| 1:12.0 | explosions in the known universe, called those supernova, and we were done with it, wiped our hands |
| 1:17.1 | and moved on. But of course, Mother Nature outwitted us. And all it took was enough observations |
| 1:22.9 | to reveal how much more powerful these explosions can be. |
| 1:29.1 | How big is a hypernova? |
| 1:33.6 | Up to 100 times more powerful than a supernova, |
| 1:40.8 | which, if you'll recall, are already brighter than 100 billion individual stars. |
| 1:49.3 | So a single hypernova can outshine a hundred galaxies. That's a lot of energy. |
| 1:54.3 | Okay? It's 10 to the 46 joules. And if that number means nothing to you, which why should it? |
... |
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