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I'm John Dachler with David Livingston, Dr. Space of the Space Show. And this is Hotel Mars.

And we're headed from Mars to Venus with senior scientists at the Planetary Science Institute,

David Grinspoon, who's been a Venus investigator as long as I've known him very happily. We've

worked in the clouds before, but now we're going to the surface of Venus, which of course

is generally understood as what Hades is like. However, there's new information with new

language, squishy lid tectonics. I don't say anymore because David's here and he can help

me. I'm trying to picture why it is that we wanted to call something squishy lid. David,

we have on Earth plate tectonics, which was a radical idea that was accepted in the 1960s,

I believe. On Venus, we now say they have squishy lid tectonics. What does that mean? Thank

you.

Yeah, well, I mean, one of the big mysteries of Venus as long as we've been studying

it with spacecraft and starting to really learn anything about its actual physical properties

is whether or not it has plate tectonics. Then as we've learned more, why it doesn't seem

to have plate tectonics. As you've indicated, plate tectonics is a theory that was once

controversial, but by the 1970s was accepted and now is seen as sort of the unifying theory

of Earth science. It's on a basic level how the Earth works, that the lithosphere, the

...