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Place must be 18 or over. When I was putting together a list of battles, I didn't first include the Third Crusade.

This podcast is about, of course, major battles, and at the end of the Third Crusade. This podcast is about, of course, major battles, and at the end of the

Third Crusade, there is no great battle, but in the end I decided Richard de Lionheart's struggle

against Sadalin for the Holy Land is an important part of the political and military story of medieval Europe.

And so therefore, welcome to a History of Europe, Key Battles podcast,

the Third Crusade, when the Kings of England and France launch a joint campaign to recover Jerusalem for the Christians.

In the previous podcast, I described how the army of the kingdom of Jerusalem was crushed in 1187 at the Battle of Hatin.

Saladin, the Muslim leader of Egypt and Syria, led the Westerners into a waterless area at the height of summer.

Over two days he wore down the enemy with constant harrying and then finished them off in a battle on a hill called the Horns of Hatin, near Lake Galilee.

For the Christians, it was an entirely avoidable defeat.

Their king, Guy of Lustonian, could have chosen a more defensive position,

but instead he recklessly gambled everything on an unnecessary battle.

The Westerners were already short of skilled soldiers, and when most of the best knights

...