#118 - Lloyd Klickstein, M.D., Ph.D.: Rapamycin, mTOR inhibition, and the biology of aging

The Peter Attia Drive

Peter Attia, MD

Health & Fitness, Medicine, Fitness

4.7 • 7.3K Ratings

🗓️ 6 July 2020

⏱️ 135 minutes

🔗️ Recording | iTunes | RSS

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Summary

Lloyd Klickstein is the Chief Science Officer at resTORbio, a biopharmaceutical company that develops medications to target the biology of aging. In this episode, Lloyd discusses his company’s clinical application of rapamycin and its derivatives. He also elucidates details of his 2014 paper—a paper that greatly influenced Peter’s perspective of rapamycin in the context of longevity. Peter and Lloyd go on to discuss the dose-dependent effect of rapamycin on immune function and compare rapamycin, fasting, and caloric restriction.

We discuss:

His background and decision to leave academia for translational medicine [6:15];
Translational medicine—bridging the gap between basic science and clinical medicine [10:30];
What prompted Lloyd to focus on mTOR inhibition? [18:00];
Defining mTOR, TORC1, and TORC2, and the consequences of inhibiting them with rapamycin [21:30];
Dose-dependent impact of rapamycin on immune function, mTOR inhibition, and toxicity [42:15];
Lloyd’s 2014 experiment—mTOR inhibition improves immune function in the elderly [53:00];
Insights into autophagy, antigen presentation, and the pleiotropic benefits of a rapalog, and how it compares to fasting [1:13:00];
Lloyd’s 2018 experiment—TORC1 inhibition enhances immune function and reduces infections in the elderly [1:18:45];
Creation of resTORbio, subsequent studies, and takeaways about dosing, TORC2 inhibition, and tissue selectivity [1:29:00];
Comparing the longevity effect of rapamycin, fasting, and caloric restriction [1:40:00];
Excitement around RTB101—resTORbio’s mTOR inhibiting molecule [1:47:00];
Identifying rapalogs selective for TORC1 [1:56:15];
Treating depression with ketamine, an activator of mTOR [2:00:00];
Epigenetic clocks, rapalogs, and metformin [2:03:30]; and
More.

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Transcript

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0:00.0	Hey everyone, welcome to the Drive Podcast.
0:13.0	I'm your host, Peter Atia.
0:14.8	This podcast, my website, and my weekly newsletter, all focus on the goal of translating
0:18.7	the science of longevity into something accessible for everyone.
0:22.4	Our goal is to provide the best content in health and wellness, full stop, and we've
0:26.6	assembled a great team of analysts to make this happen.
0:29.4	If you enjoy this podcast, we've created a membership program that brings you far more
0:33.2	in-depth content if you want to take your knowledge of this space to the next level.
0:37.2	At the end of this episode, I'll explain what those benefits are, or if you want to learn
0:41.0	more now, head over to peteratiamd.com forward slash subscribe.
0:46.2	Now, without further delay, here's today's episode.
0:49.0	I guess this week is Lloyd Clixstein.
0:53.0	Lloyd's the Chief Scientific Officer at Restore Bio.
0:56.0	That's little, R-E-S-B-G-T-O-R, little B-I-O.
1:01.7	Get it, Tor, T-O-R.
1:03.4	Restore Bio is a clinical-stated bio-farm company that develops meds that are primarily
1:09.0	aimed at targeting Tor, targeted rap and my, and we'll talk a lot about that throughout
1:12.6	this episode.
1:13.6	Prior to joining Restore Bio, Lloyd was the global head of translational medicine for
1:18.4	the new indication discovery unit at Novartis.
1:22.7	And prior to that, he was an academic physician at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, which
1:26.8	is one of the flagship programs at Harvard.
	...

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