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Curiosity Weekly

Your Second Brain, Jupiter’s Hot Atmosphere, Placebo Buttons

Curiosity Weekly

Warner Bros. Discovery

Science

4.6963 Ratings

🗓️ 28 September 2021

⏱️ 15 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Learn about the “second brain” in your gut; what makes Jupiter’s atmosphere so hot; and why placebo buttons are useful.

The 'second brain' in your gut might have evolved before the brain in your head by Cameron Duke

Researchers have solved the decades-old mystery of Jupiter's hot atmosphere by Briana Brownell

Placebo buttons give us the illusion of control that we crave by Cameron Duke

Follow Curiosity Daily on your favorite podcast app to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. Still curious? Get exclusive science shows, nature documentaries, and more real-life entertainment on discovery+! Go to https://discoveryplus.com/curiosity to start your 7-day free trial. discovery+ is currently only available for US subscribers.

 

Find episode transcript here: https://curiosity-daily-4e53644e.simplecast.com/episodes/your-second-brain-jupiters-hot-atmosphere-placebo-buttons


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Transcript

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0:00.0

Hi, you're about to get smarter in just a few minutes with Curiosity Daily from Curiosity.com.

0:06.7

I'm Cody Goff.

0:07.6

And I'm Ashley Hamer.

0:08.8

Today you learn about how the second brain in your gut may actually be your first one, how researchers solve the decades

0:15.4

old mystery of Jupiter's hot atmosphere, and why placebo buttons are useful even though they

0:21.0

don't do anything.

0:22.0

Let's do some curiosity.

0:24.0

I guess we'll satisfy it, is what I mean by that.

0:28.0

Your brain is keeping a secret from you.

0:32.0

It's not the only brain you've got. It turns out

0:35.4

that there's an independent system of neurons in your gut and they work without any

0:40.8

input from your brain. Even weirder, scientists think this second brain evolved

0:46.7

before your so-called first brain, and new research is providing even more evidence that that's the case.

0:54.7

This independent nervous system in your gut is called the enteric nervous system.

0:59.7

It's made up of motor neurons that control muscle contraction and sensory

1:03.9

neurons that detect and respond to the chemicals in your gut.

1:07.8

And unlike the nerve cells that keep your heart pumping or your liver

1:11.1

functioning, these neurons operate without any input from your brain.

1:16.0

There is communication between your gut and your brain,

1:20.0

but about 90% of those signals are from the gut to the brain, not the other way around.

1:26.0

Some research suggests that those signals could even be affecting your mood and behavior.

1:32.0

So it shouldn't come as a surprise that a new study has found that motor neurons in the

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