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The Gray Area with Sean Illing

Why should we care about deficits?

The Gray Area with Sean Illing

Vox Media Podcast Network

Society & Culture, News, Politics, News Commentary, Philosophy

4.610.8K Ratings

🗓️ 21 February 2019

⏱️ 66 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Stony Brook University’s Stephanie Kelton is the most influential proponent of Modern Monetary Theory, a heterodox take on government budgets that urges a focus on inflation, rather than deficits. Jason Furman was President Barack Obama’s chief economist, and while he’s firmly in the economic mainstream, he’s been pushing his colleagues to recognize that the economy has changed in ways that make our debt levels less worrying. I asked the two of them to join the podcast together because I wanted to understand some questions at the intersection of their competing theories. Should we worry about government deficits, and if so, when? Does MMT actually offer a free lunch, or is it just a different way of calculating the bill? When can the Federal Reserve print money without triggering inflation? How would an administration that followed MMT actually diverge from what we've seen in the past? Why did so many mainstream economists make such bad predictions about deficits after the financial crisis? And does Medicare-for-all actually need to be paid for? This is a weedsy conversation about one of the most important questions in American governance. Enjoy! Book Recommendations: Thick: And Other Essays by Tressie McMillan Cottom Understanding Modern Money: The Key to Full Employment and Price Stabilityby L. Randall Wray Saving Capitalism from the Capitalists by Raghuram G. Rajan The Worldly Philosophers by Robert L. Heilbroner Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Transcript

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0:00.0

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0:51.0

Sweet tarts dare to combine.

0:54.0

If we were to see a really large increasing government spending and it wasn't accompanied by taxes,

1:01.0

that would put upward pressure on the economy. And you'd see the fed raising interest rates. And in fact, they'd raise it quite a lot.

1:22.0

Hello, welcome to the Clancho on the box media podcast network. This is a conversation I've wanted to have for, I don't know, a year.

1:28.0

I literally got the idea for this. I think like a year ago, and it's just taken me some time to get together to figure out how to do it.

1:35.0

I have been, for a long time, interested in and often confused by this idea of modern monetary theory, which is an alternative way of looking at how to think about budget deficits and inflation and the government's ability and constraints on printing money.

1:49.0

But because, as I said, it's not always an idea. I understand all that well. I've wanted to try to get a better way of tracing its boundaries.

1:57.0

And so I wanted to have a debate between, not a debate, I guess a conversation between somebody who's a proponent of modern monetary theory and someone who comes out of more mainstream,

2:06.0

if liberal branch of traditional economics. And so I'm very glad that Jason Furman, president Obama's former chief economist and Stephanie Keltin, who is an economist at Stony Brook University.

2:17.0

And is I think one of the most public advocates of modern monetary theory have both agreed to join me here.

2:23.0

So on the one hand, this is an idea that often gets caricatured in the debate as saying, particularly like on Twitter and elsewhere, as saying, you don't have to pay for anything. You just print whatever you want.

2:33.0

But on the other hand, if it's not that, well, what is it?

2:37.0

But what, how would it recommend a different path forward for government budgets, for fiscal policy, for the Fed, for the country, then more traditional economics?

2:45.0

So this is a great conversation trying to trace that boundary. One thing I want to say is that we had a catastrophic audio mess up on my end.

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