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Grammar Girl: For Writers and Language Lovers.

Why Brits eat biscuits and Americans eat cookies. Why brands keep nouning everything. Hamster alert.

Grammar Girl: For Writers and Language Lovers.

Mignon Fogarty, Inc.

Education, Society & Culture

4.52.9K Ratings

🗓️ 2 December 2025

⏱️ 18 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

This week, in honor of National Cookie Day, we look at the vocabulary split between British and American English, including the differences between a cookie and a biscuit, and the two meanings of "pudding." Then, we look at anthimeria, the advertising trend of turning one part of speech into another, as in the slogan "Together makes progress."

The anthimeria segment was by Ben Yagoda,whose books include "Gobsmacked! The British Invasion of American English" and the novel "Alias O. Henry." His podcast is "The Lives They’re Living."

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Transcript

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0:00.0

Grammar Girl here. I'm In Yon Foghury, your friendly guide to the English language.

0:10.0

Today we're going to look at some fun differences between British English and American English,

0:15.0

and then we'll look at a big trend in advertising language.

0:19.0

December 4th is National Cookie Day in the United States, and from the National

0:24.7

Day calendar website, it sounds like the whole thing got started by Sesame Street in

0:30.4

1976, with Cookie Monster, making an especially big deal about it in a 1980 book, The Sesame Street Dictionary.

0:39.8

So it's a fun day to celebrate everything from chocolate chip cookies to snickerdoodles.

0:44.9

But it got me thinking about the difference between British English and American English,

0:50.0

because we have a cookie conundrum.

0:53.4

In Britain, those same baked treats would usually be called

0:57.5

biscuits. And biscuits in America are completely different, soft, flaky breads that I like served

1:05.1

with gravy. Biscuit is the older word going back to the 1300s, coming from an old French word that meant

1:12.6

twice baked. Biscuits were originally hard rations baked once to cook and then again to dry out,

1:19.9

and they were perfect for sailors and soldiers. But by the mid-1500s, people were using the term

1:26.2

for small, sweet cakes, I would call a cookie.

1:30.4

And in case you're wondering, yes, if you go back far enough, the word biscotti, a twice-baked

1:35.5

cookie, is related to biscuit. But the word biscuit went a different way in the United States in the

1:42.8

1800s, becoming the name for a small

1:45.6

savory baked good made with baking soda or baking powder so the bread was soft and fluffy.

1:53.8

Meanwhile, Dutch settlers in what would eventually become New York had brought the word

1:59.1

kokie, meaning little cake, which turned into cookie

2:02.9

and became the word we use for British biscuits. Now, the word cookie does exist in Britain. Back in 2006,

...

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