Who profits from migrant detention?
Throughline
NPR
4.6 • 16.4K Ratings
🗓️ 19 February 2026
⏱️ 52 minutes
🧾️ Download transcript
Summary
Guest:
Brianna Nofil, assistant professor of history at The College of William and Mary author of The Migrant's Jail: An American History of Mass Incarceration
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Transcript
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| 0:00.0 | This message comes from 48 hours with the 48 hours post-mortem podcast. |
| 0:05.6 | Host Anne Marie Green joins producers and correspondents to discuss key evidence, dead ends, |
| 0:10.9 | and stranger than fiction twists they faced in the field. |
| 0:13.8 | Listen on your favorite podcast app. |
| 0:16.4 | In 1903, a reporter named Pulteney Bigelow stumbled across a story in upstate New York. |
| 0:23.4 | The part of New York, that is, right along the Canadian border. |
| 0:27.7 | A rural town in Franklin County called Malone, where he starts talking with locals. |
| 0:34.7 | And they tell him, this route from Canada into northern New York has become this sort of |
| 0:40.2 | vastly underreported secret passage of illegal entry into the United States for Chinese migrants. |
| 0:48.8 | Like, why is that a pathway? Is it easier to get into Canada at that time? |
| 0:52.6 | Yeah, it's a super intentional choice. |
| 0:54.7 | So this is about 20 years after the U.S. passes the Chinese Exclusion Act, which bars Chinese |
| 1:00.5 | laborers basically entirely from legal immigration to the United States. |
| 1:05.9 | So for many Chinese migrants who are still looking for a path in, this is one of their |
| 1:10.3 | best options. |
| 1:11.2 | Wow, interesting. |
| 1:13.1 | They take a boat to Vancouver. They take a train across the entire length of Canada. |
| 1:18.8 | They stop over in Montreal, where there are Chinese communities that coach them, that help |
| 1:23.9 | them cross the border. And then they cross this just incredibly rural, isolated sort of path into northern New York. |
| 1:34.8 | That takes us back to the reporter, Pulteney Bigelow, who starts asking around. |
| 1:40.3 | And people in Malone tell him, go look at the county jail. |
| 1:44.5 | He arrives at the county jail, and the county jail is filled, is packed to the brim with Chinese migrants. |
... |
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