What Are Monoclonal Antibodies? (w/ Dr. Lawrence Purpura)
Curiosity Weekly
Warner Bros. Discovery
4.6 • 964 Ratings
🗓️ 15 December 2020
⏱️ 12 minutes
🧾️ Download transcript
Summary
Dr. Lawrence Purpura explains monoclonal antibodies and the different types of treatments that could help us fight the coronavirus. Plus: learn about the Oddo-Harkins rule and why the universe seems to hate odd numbers.
Why the Universe Seems to Hate Odd Numbers by Cameron Duke
- Inglis-Arkell, E. (2013a, January 24). One physical phenomenon that orders our entire universe. Io9; io9. https://io9.gizmodo.com/one-physical-phenomenon-that-orders-our-entire-universe-5978221
- Inglis-Arkell, E. (2013b, October 17). The Oddo-Harkins Rule shows the universe hates the odd. Io9; io9. https://io9.gizmodo.com/the-oddo-harkins-rule-shows-the-universe-hates-the-odd-1446581327
- Prantzos, N., & Ekström, S. (2011). Stellar Nucleosynthesis. Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1584–1592. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_1084
- The evolution of the elements and the stability of complex atoms. I. a new periodic system which shows a relation between the abundance of the elements and the structure of the nuclei of atoms. (2019). Acs.org. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja02250a002
Additional resources from Dr. Lawrence Purpura:
- Lawrence Purpura's publications on ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/Lawrence-Purpura-2115048786
- Interview with Dr. Purpura about his upcoming appearance on NYT's "The Weekly": https://icap.columbia.edu/profile-icap-fellow-lawrence-purpura-to-feature-in-nyt-documentary-on-hulu-and-fx/
- Columbia University's Division of Infectious Diseases: https://www.infectiousdiseases.cumc.columbia.edu/
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Transcript
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| 0:00.0 | Hi, you're about to get smarter in just a few minutes with Curiosity Daily from |
| 0:04.8 | Curiosity.com. I'm Cody Goff. And I'm Ashley Hamer. Today Dr. Lawrence |
| 0:09.5 | Papura will talk about the different types of treatments that could help us fight the coronavirus |
| 0:14.4 | with a focus on monoclonal antibodies. |
| 0:17.3 | But first you'll learn why the universe seems to hate odd numbers. |
| 0:21.3 | Let's satisfy some curiosity. |
| 0:23.0 | The universe is full of patterns. |
| 0:25.0 | For example, when scientists were taking inventory of all the known elements, they noticed that the ones |
| 0:31.9 | with even numbers of protons were a lot more common than the |
| 0:35.8 | ones with odd numbers of protons. So what does the universe have against odd numbers? |
| 0:41.4 | It all comes down to how elements form. And the pattern is pretty striking. |
| 0:46.7 | If you took all 92 naturally occurring elements off of the periodic table and you put them on a graph to show how plentiful they were in the universe, |
| 0:55.4 | you would notice two things right away. First, you would see that elements generally become |
| 1:00.4 | more rare as their proton numbers increase. So for example, the elements with |
| 1:05.7 | one proton, hydrogen, is super common, while the elements with 92 protons, Uranium, is the rarest of them all. |
| 1:15.0 | Second, that line would zigzag like an alligator's teeth. |
| 1:19.0 | That's because the elements with even numbers of protons are way more common than elements with odd numbers of protons. |
| 1:26.7 | Carbon with six protons is way more common than nitrogen and boron, its odd proton neighbors. |
| 1:33.9 | Aside from hydrogen and a couple other outliers, |
| 1:36.6 | this pattern holds for all the elements. |
| 1:39.6 | Weird, right? |
| 1:40.9 | This phenomenon is called the Otto Harkins rule and it's named after the two |
... |
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