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This is Scientific Americans' 60-second science. I'm Erica Barris. Got a minute?

In recent years, researchers have learned that trauma can be inherited, passed down due to changes in DNA, what's known as epigenetics. But researchers recently uncovered a new wrinkle to the story.

The effects of trauma, which can be transmitted to the offspring,

can be reversed by a positive experience. That's Isabel Mansou, professor of neuroepigenetics at the

University of Zurich. She and colleagues studied newborn male mice and their mothers that were

separated from each other, which caused them both to experience traumatic

stress. Those male mice and their male offspring displayed trauma symptoms, which made them

different from other mice that had not been separated from their mothers. But when these symptomatic

mice were exposed to positive experiences, their behavior changed, as did the fate of their

offspring. And we show that the negative consequences of this,

which are depressive behaviors, cognitive problems,

antisocial behaviors, risk-taking,

this can be reversed if the father, after being traumatized,

was exposed to a positive environment.

So this reverses the symptoms and it also reverses

the biological reason, the biological cause for the symptoms in the progeny, which are the

epigenetic marks. Epigenetic marks can be corrected in sperm cells by this positive experience.

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