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Witness History

The 'Turbot War'

Witness History

BBC

History, Personal Journals, Society & Culture

4.41.6K Ratings

🗓️ 17 July 2025

⏱️ 11 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

In 1995, an international row broke out between Canada and Spain over fishing quotas. It started with gunfire and ended with a deal.

The dispute began after Canada set up restrictions to protect fish stocks, including the turbot. A 320km (200 mile) controlled zone was placed around the country’s north Atlantic coast. Fishermen also had to stick to quotas.

But, according to Canada, some boats from the European Union were catching far more turbot than had been agreed.

As a warning, the coastguard chased off one Spanish trawler, shooting machine gunfire over the bow and arresting the crew.

But Spanish officials were furious and denied any wrongdoing. The Turbot War had begun.

Brian Tobin was Canada’s Minister for Fisheries and Oceans. He tells Jane Wilkinson about the part he played in the dispute.

Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more.

Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic’ and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy’s Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they’ve had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America’s occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.

(Picture: Brian Tobin and a turbot. Credit: Jon Levy/AFP via Getty Images)

Transcript

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0:00.0

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0:06.1

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0:08.4

Bulls are edge, caught behind.

0:10.6

Including cricket Super League, women's Euros 2025, Wimbledon, Formula One and much more.

0:17.6

It's all right to the lights and foot to the floor.

0:20.0

Oh, what a's done it!

0:21.3

Drop shots!

0:22.9

Winner!

0:23.6

On five sports extra,

0:25.0

Sports Extra 2 and Sports Extra 3.

0:27.6

Listen, only on BBC Sounds.

0:34.6

Hello, welcome to the Witness History podcast from the BBC World Service with me, Jane Wilkinson.

0:41.7

We're the podcast that takes you back to a moment in history, bringing it to life through amazing archive and the memories of one key witness.

0:50.9

Episodes come out every weekday. So if that sounds like your thing, make sure you subscribe wherever you get your BBC podcasts.

0:58.8

As for today, we're going back to 1995 for a story about a chase across the high seas, warships, some gunfire and a fish.

1:09.7

All of which sparked a huge international row

1:12.9

that became known as the turbot wall.

1:18.0

The European Union has accused Canada of organised piracy

1:22.4

for seizing a Spanish fishing boat in international waters.

1:25.7

It's the latest episode in a bitter row over fishing quotas.

1:29.3

Canadian patrol vessels using guns arrested the Spanish trawler Estai in the rich fishing grounds off Newfoundland.

1:36.3

But before we get to the fighting, let's find out about the fish. What exactly is a turbot?

...

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