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Hello and welcome to Better Offline. I'm your host, Ed Zittron. Download a t-shirt and subscribe to the newsletter. That's where you get your words. But today, you're here for the noises. And joining me today is the wonderful economist, Paul Kodroski. Paul, good to have you on.

Hey, Ed, good to be here. So your recent work on AI, particularly the data center and economic side, it's been great. One thing I really

want to talk to you about is what actual economic effects have you seen from AI? Because it feels

hard to get specific sometimes, if you know what I mean. Yeah. So it's pretty easy to find it.

I mean, there's the old joke, which was early days of the technology industry,

that you could find technology everywhere except for in the productivity data. And so that sort of applies right here as well. So the answer you'll get, there's two answers. One is that it's too soon to tell, which is fine, but it's a little bit of a SOP, right? So you'll get that. And then you get the second answer is, which I already see it.

It's in.

And then someone will ad hoc.

Terry pick some data and say that get that. And then you get the second answer is, which I already see it. It's in. And then someone will ad hoc cherry pick some data and say that there goes AI right there. And the answer, of course, is that it's nowhere to be seen yet in any really meaningful productivity data anywhere. You have some output metrics. Like, for example, you know, this incredible number of comments you'll see on GitHub using

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