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99% Invisible

The Panopticon Effect

99% Invisible

SiriusXM Podcasts and Roman Mars

Design, Arts

4.828.1K Ratings

🗓️ 29 March 2023

⏱️ 37 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

The “panopticon” might be the best known prison concept in the world. It’s become the metaphor for the surveillance state, but very few actual prisons were built around this idea. Breda Dome is one of them.

Transcript

Click on a timestamp to play from that location

0:00.0

This is 99% invisible. I'm Roman Mars.

0:05.0

In the Netherlands, about an hour and a half south of Amsterdam, there's a city called Breda.

0:12.0

Like many Dutch towns, it has cozy, narrow streets, canals, and

0:16.6

plenty of bicycles.

0:19.1

Last year, I moved all the way from an island in the Far East of Russia to the medieval Dutch city.

0:25.0

Here's producer Tatiana Cam.

0:28.0

I'd never been to the Netherlands before.

0:30.0

Moving to Europe was exciting.

0:32.0

The contrast between the thousand-year-old touch town and the

0:36.4

young city in Russia that I came from is striking. Instead of gray Soviet structures, I'm now surrounded by Gothic churches and narrow red brick houses.

0:47.0

Something you see on the past cards that your friends sent from Europe.

0:52.0

There is one historic building right in the middle of town

0:56.3

that's really caught my eye. A big cylindrical structure, four-story tall,

1:09.2

kept with this massive greenish-gray dome in early 125 feet up. And then, stepping inside the building, there is a wide open circular hole the size of half a football

1:14.9

field. With a sprawling dome overhead you feel like an end trapped under a giant

1:20.9

rice ball. Along the curved brick walls, there are heavy orange doors.

1:26.0

More than 200 of them spread out evenly across the four floors.

1:30.0

And behind most of these doors are small rooms that were once prison cells.

1:36.0

When this place was first built in 1886, it was a penitentiary, but not a typical one. This was a panopticon.

1:48.0

The panopticon might be the best known prison concept in the world.

1:51.9

In the original design, all the cells are built

1:54.2

around a central guard tower designed to maintain order just by making

...

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