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History Daily

The Fight for the Unification of Italy

History Daily

History Daily

History

4.42.5K Ratings

🗓️ 17 March 2026

⏱️ 19 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

March 17, 1861. After more than 10 years of revolution led by such figures as Giuseppe Garibaldi, a parliament assembled and officially proclaimed the unified Kingdom of Italy. This episode originally aired in 2022.

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Transcript

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0:00.0

It's a spring morning in 1860 on the island of Sicily.

0:12.1

On a vine-strewn hillside, an army of 1,000 rebels stands in preparation for a battle.

0:18.3

Leading them is an Italian revolutionary named Giuseppe Garibaldi.

0:22.8

Garibaldi shields his eyes from the blistering sun and peers out across the valley.

0:28.1

In the distance, some 3,000 Neapolitan soldiers marched through the haze, their military coats gray against the yellow hillside.

0:36.3

Garibaldi gives the signal to his troops.

0:40.5

The rebels send a volley of gunfire into the oncoming soldiers.

0:44.8

There's a brief moment as the Neapolitans prepare their artillery.

0:48.5

And then, cannibals thud into the hillsides around Garibaldi and his men,

0:53.6

followed by the crackle and blast of musket fire, echoing throughout the sun-bleached valley.

0:58.8

As the Neapolitans unleashed the full strength of their arsenal, Garibaldi orders his men to hold the line and stand firm.

1:06.6

But they don't listen.

1:08.2

They charge down the hill toward the enemy, their bayonets gleaming,

1:12.4

their red uniforms bright and bold. This was not the plan. Garibaldi orders a trumpet blast

1:18.9

to call the troops back, but his band of rebels again don't listen. These men are volunteers,

1:24.9

not trained soldiers, and they're fighting for something they believe in,

1:28.6

something they believe is worth dying for. As Garibaldi watches them crash into the enemy lines,

1:34.7

he feels equally inspired. So he slings his musket across his chest and unsheaths his sword

1:40.7

and follows his enthusiastic compatriots into battle. The fighting is dogged and fierce.

1:47.0

But despite being outgunned and outmaned,

1:50.0

Garibaldi's red-shirted rebels push the Neopolitan's back to their original position.

1:55.0

But then, the enemy regroups and takes aim.

...

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