The Degenerates: Music Suppressed By The Nazis

Sticky Notes: The Classical Music Podcast

Joshua Weilerstein

Clarinet, Timpani, Performing, Trombone, Cello, Trumpet, Bassoon, Classicalmusic, Performing Arts, Arts, Violin, Flute, Piano, Conductor, Music, Weilerstein

4.9 • 2.1K Ratings

🗓️ 17 November 2022

⏱️ 58 minutes

🔗️ Recording | iTunes | RSS

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

The center of Western Classical Music, ever since the time of Bach, has been modern-day Germany and Austria. You can trace a line from Bach, to Haydn to Mozart to Beethoven to Schubert to Schumann, Brahms, and Wagner, and finally to Mahler. But why does that line stop in 1911, the year of Mahler’s death? Part of the answer is the increasing influence of composers from outside the Austro-German canon, something that has enriched Western Classical music to this day. There was also World War I getting in the way. But after the war, one could have expected that this line would continue again. The 1920’s in Germany and the rest of Europe were a time of radical experimentation, a flowering of ideas, a sort of wild ecstasy of innovation across all the arts. So why don’t we hear of these Austro-German experimenters and innovators anymore? Because of Adolf Hitler, Joseph Goebbels, and their Entartete, or Degenerate music. Hitler’s worst crime was by no means his suppression of dozens of German, Austrian, and Eastern European composers, but it is a fact all the same that from the end of World War I until 1933, classical music in Germany and Eastern Europe(especially Czechoslovakia), was flourishing, with composers such as Zemlinsky, Krenek, Korngold, Schreker, Schulhoff, Haas, Krasa, and Ullmann taking up the mantle of the giants of the past and hoisting it upon themselves to carry it forward.

The Nazis silenced, exiled, or killed off many of these musicians during the twelve years of 1933-1945, and those voices are forever lost, but the music they wrote before, during the War and the Holocaust, and after it, some of it masterpieces quite on the level of their predecessors, has been preserved. So why then are these composers not better known? I’ve chosen 12 composers, all of whom were writing music at the highest level. Some of them may be familiar to you, but many probably won’t be. And through all of their trials and tribulations, one of the things I want to emphasize throughout these stories, even the bleakest ones, is that so many of them found the will to be able to compose this heart-rending, beautiful, and often optimistic music all as they witnessed unimaginable horrors. It may seem empty when the end for many of these artists was so horrific, but these compositions and the men and women who were behind them are a true testament to the resilience of the human spirit. These artists created a life for their friends, neighbors, and fellow inmates in concentration camps. They wrote music they knew would almost certainly not be heard in their lifetimes, from an urge that could not be destroyed, even by gas chambers. Join us to learn about them this week.

Transcript

Click on a timestamp to play from that location

0:00.0	Hello and welcome to Sticky Notes, the Classical Music Podcast.
0:09.1	My name is Joshua Weilersign, I'm a conductor, and I'm the music director of the Phoenix
0:12.5	Orchestra of Boston and the Chief Conductor Designate of the All-Borg Symphony.
0:17.0	This podcast is for anyone who loves classical music, works in the field, or is just getting
0:20.9	ready to dive into this amazing world of incredible music.
0:24.7	Before we get started, I want to thank my new Patreon sponsors Nick and Laura, Stevie,
0:29.4	Michael, Duncan, Richard, Leah, Zachary, Robert, Chris, and all of my other Patreon sponsors
0:36.3	from a season 9 possible.
0:38.5	If you'd like to support the show, please head over to patreon.com slash Sticky Notes
0:42.3	Podcast.
0:43.3	And if you are a fan of the show, please stick in moment to give us a rating or review
0:46.3	on Apple Podcasts.
0:48.4	Every rating or review has more people find the show, and it is greatly appreciated.
0:54.0	So first of all, I just want to say thank you for all the well wishes after I couldn't
0:57.6	put up an episode last week due to a pretty brutal case of COVID.
1:01.9	I unfortunately had to cancel a concert with the Florida Orchestra that I was really,
1:06.2	really looking forward to, and was just basically laid up in bed.
1:10.4	Just in the last few days, I've started to feel like a human, as you can probably tell
1:13.9	in my voice, I'm feeling a lot better.
1:16.2	Unfortunately, though, I didn't really have the energy yet to write and record a new
1:19.9	episode for you, but next week we will be back with new episodes.
1:24.0	But for this week, I decided to bring back an old episode that for me personally was
	...

Please login to see the full transcript.

Previous episode | Next episode

Disclaimer: The podcast and artwork embedded on this page are from Joshua Weilerstein, and are the property of its owner and not affiliated with or endorsed by Tapesearch.

Generated transcripts are the property of Joshua Weilerstein and are distributed freely under the Fair Use doctrine. Transcripts generated by Tapesearch are not guaranteed to be accurate.