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Frankly, that seems to be the problem.

Welcome to Angry Planet. I'm Matthew Gault. And I'm Jason Field.

Only Nixon can go to China. The now-forgotten aphorism once represented so much in American politics.

After Nixon met with Mao, relations between... once represented so much in American politics.

After Nixon met with Mao, relations between the communist country

and America thawed, trade opened up,

and the popular notion went,

with economic benefits would come a lessening of authoritarianism in China and the eventual end of communism.

Here in 2023, the idea that economic modernization and prosperity would lead to a flourishing of democracy in China seems quaint.

Well, what happened? And do the West's preconception of what democracy and freedom are vibe with what's actually going on in China.

That's what we are here to discuss in a nuanced way.

With us is Sunming Show, the author of the new article,

Does China's case falsified modernization theory.

Cho is a professor at the Asia Pacific Center for Security Studies.

Sir, thank you so much for joining us.

Thank you for the invitation.

So, we like to get kind of basics out of the way for people that may not know,

what is modernization theory and what does it say broadly?

It is very simple and intuitive theory that if you help a country to develop an economy, then that will lead to the increase of wealth, creating middle class, and then middle class will spend money for better education of their children

so they will lead to the rise of educational level And then as the economy develops,

...