From the ACLU, this is at Liberty. I'm Molly Kaplan, your host.

We're coming up on the 100th anniversary of the 19th Amendment, which was ratified on

August 18th, 1920, and then certified eight days later.

The 19th Amendment inked women's suffrage into American history, a culminating moment in an

effort to win political power. But the ordained heroes of women's suffrage, like Elizabeth

Katie Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and later Alice Paul, often tossed out the leadership and movement building of black women.

And the absence of those voices from the popular historical record obscured the fact that black women saw ballot access as one step on the way to a larger human rights mission of equal rights for all.

Joining us to discuss this overlooked history is Martha S. Jones, the Society of Black Alumni

Presidential Professor and Professor of History at Johns Hopkins University.

She's also the author of a new book called Vanguard, How Black Women Broke Barriers, Won the Vote

and Insisted on on equality for all.

Martha, welcome to the podcast.

Thanks very much for having me.

Martha, I want to start by saying what an absolute pleasure it was to relearn everything

I thought I knew about women's suffrage. When growing up and in high school, in your textbooks,

there are two events that get recorded. The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848, which was recorded

as the first women's rights convention. And then much later, the women's suffrage parade of

1913 that has been photographed widely, and it's

this sort of image of women in white marching in D.C. on the eve of Woodrow Wilson's inauguration.

And in preparing for this, what I learned is that those two events have become the moments of record,

but actually that's quite misleading. Can you tell us why that that

is misleading? Well, in both examples, Seneca Falls in 1848 and Washington, D.C. on the eve of Woodrow

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