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In the late 13th century, Kafa, which is present day Fidozia in Ukraine, was a thriving trade city on the northern coast of the Black Sea.

But the two cultures, Italians and Mongols did not get along very well. Their fighting was intense and after a year, the Mongol forces finally retreated from Kafa, having lost 15,000 soldiers.

The Mongols returned to the city a year later. This time, however, they were stopped by an epidemic, the Black Death, also known as Bubonic Play.

The Mongol soldiers were devastated by high fevers. Their bodies covered in tumors and Black, pus-filled boils.

The disease worked fast, and victims usually died within eight days of infection.

Angry that their enemies were healthy and safe behind Kafa's walls, the Mongol army decided if they were going to die, they were taking the city down with them.

They filled catapults with infected victims and shot them over the city's walls, hoping to infect the residents.

Their plan worked, and this was one of the first recorded uses of biological warfare.

So what are biological weapons? They are viruses, bacteria and toxins that are intentionally released to kill or disable people, livestock and even crops.

Many have deployed these types of weapons after the Mongols did, and in 1972 an international treaty was signed, preventing the production and stockpiling of biological weapons.

But as we know, laws and treaties do not stop bad actors. And in October of 2001, the United States endured a frightening bioterrorist event.

As Americans still reeled from September 11, news that the deadly bacteria anthrax was linked to murderers nationwide, sent an already terrified public into a frenzy.

This time, there were no catapults delivering the toxin to innocent people. Anthrax was killing people by way of the US mail.

The three-letter word is back for another season exclusively on Amazem music.

We have three words of meaning and significance to their lives. We use that as a springboard for conversation.

And then at the end of the show, we ask them for a word that they'll be happy never to hear again.

Hey everyone, this is Dr. Rongen Chatechee from The Built to Thrive Podcast, and I promise you that if you give me just five minutes of your time, I'm going to help you revolutionize your life.

My name is to inspire and empower you with simple daily hacks that will help you feel better and thrive.

Check out my latest Built to Thrive episode, streaming now, only on Amazem music.

From Wondery and Tree Fort, I'm Candice D'Long, and this is the second season of Killer Sighty.

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