Ted Jacobson: The Proof That Gravity Equals Entropy

Theories of Everything with Curt Jaimungal

Curt Jaimungal

Physics, Philosophy, Society & Culture, Science

4.6 • 606 Ratings

🗓️ 1 May 2025

⏱️ 106 minutes

🔗️ Recording | iTunes | RSS

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Summary

Ted Jacobson explains how Einstein's equations emerge from thermodynamic principles, proving gravity is entropic. The discussion explores Rindler horizons, quantum vacuum states, and holographic duality, linking thermodynamics to spacetime geometry.0:00 Introduction1:11 The Journey into Physics4:26 Spirituality and Physics6:29 Connecting Gravity and Thermodynamics9:22 The Concept of Rindler Horizons13:12 The Nature of Quantum Vacuum20:53 The Duality of Quantum Fields32:59 Understanding the Equation of State35:05 Exploring Local Rindler Horizons47:15 Holographic Duality and Space-Time Emergence58:19 The Metric and Quantum Fields59:58 Extensions and Comparisons in Gravity1:26:26 The Nature of Black Hole Physics1:31:04 Comparing TheoriesSPONSORS:- I personally subscribe to The Economist. TOE listeners get 35% off the annual subscription. No other podcast has this! https://economist.com/TOE- Patreon: Support TOE - https://patreon.com/curtjaimungal- Substack: Personal Writings - https://curtjaimungal.substack.com- Spotify: Listen - https://tinyurl.com/SpotifyTOE- YouTube: Become a Member (Early Access Videos) - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdWIQh9DGG6uhJk8eyIFl1w/joinRESOURCES:- Ted’s published papers: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=QyHAXo8AAAAJ&hl=en- Claudia de Rham on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ve_Mpd6dGv8- Neil Turok on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNZCa1pVE20- Bisognano-Wichmann theorem: https://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/Bisognano-Wichmann+theorem- Scott Aaronson and Jacob Barandes on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5rbC3XZr9-c- Stephen Wolfram on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0YRlQQw0d-4- Ruth Kastner on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-BsHh3_vCMQ- Jacob Barandes on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YaS1usLeXQM- Leonard Susskind on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2p_Hlm6aCok- Ted’s talk on black holes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aYt2Rm_dXf4- Ted Jacobson: Diffeomorphism invariance and the black hole information paradox: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r6kdHge-NNY- Bose-Einstein condensate: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bose–Einstein_condensate- Holographic Thought Experiments (paper): https://arxiv.org/pdf/0808.2845- Peter Woit and Joseph Conlon on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAaXk_WoQqQ- Chiara Marletto on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uey_mUy1vN0- Entanglement Equilibrium and the Einstein Equation (paper): https://arxiv.org/pdf/1505.04753- Ivette Fuentes on TOE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cUj2TcZSlZc- Unitarity and Holography in Gravitational Physics (paper): https://arxiv.org/pdf/0808.2842- The dominant model of the universe is cracking (Economist article): https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2024/06/19/the-dominant-model-of-the-universe-is-creaking- Suvrat Raju’s published papers: https://www.suvratraju.net/publications- Mark Van Raamsdonk’s published papers: https://scholar.google.ca/citations?user=k8LsA4YAAAAJ&hl=en- Ryu-Takayanagi conjecture: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryu–Takayanagi_conjecture- Twitter: https://twitter.com/TOEwithCurt- Discord Invite: https://discord.com/invite/kBcnfNVwqs Theories of Everything with Curt Jaimungal features long-form, technically detailed interviews with leading researchers in physics, mathematics, consciousness, and philosophy, exploring topics at the level of active research. For academics, graduate students, and anyone seeking depth beyond popular science. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

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0:00.0	Change isn't coming. It's already here. AI is rewriting the rules. Markets are shifting,
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0:28.9	ebook and audio. But that's crazy. That means that gravity somehow already knows about thermodynamics.
0:36.6	Ordinary physics treats gravity as the curvature of space time, something described by
0:41.7	Einstein's field equations.
0:43.5	In 1995, Professor Ted Jacobson uncovered a bizarre connection that explains or upends this view
0:51.0	depending on your perspective.
0:52.6	Jacobson demonstrated that Einstein's equations
0:55.3	are actually related to quantum vacuum entanglement. My name's Kurt Jemungle, and on this channel
1:00.8	I explore theories of everything primarily from a theoretical physics perspective, as well as a
1:05.7	philosophical one and a mathematical one. However, today is not a theory. It's actually a derivational result
1:11.9	where a seemingly separate phenomena of black hole thermodynamics, quantum entanglement, and
1:16.7	space-time geometry are linked. Today, we talk about Corvino-Gluing, which is about how identical
1:22.5	exterior measurements hide different interior realities. this actually questions determinism.
1:27.6	We also talk about information paradoxes, so is information ever truly lost, and what is information?
1:33.5	Of course, we talk about entropy, and we talk about quantum entanglements role, privileging quantum
1:38.6	correlations rather than geometric structures.
1:42.1	Professor, why don't you tell us about how you got started into physics?
1:45.7	Did you think you were going to specialize in something else like math or perhaps something
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