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Science Friday

Tech Unions, Color Perception, Fish Vs Birds. Feb 19, 2021, Part 2

Science Friday

Science Friday and WNYC Studios

Life Sciences, Natural Sciences, Wnyc, Friday, Science

4.46.3K Ratings

🗓️ 19 February 2021

⏱️ 47 minutes

🧾️ Download transcript

Summary

Reprogramming Labor In Tech More than 6,000 warehouse workers in Bessemer, Alabama are midway through voting on whether they should unionize. If the ‘yes’ votes win, it would be unprecedented for the company: The last time a unionization vote was held by Amazon’s United States employees, back in 2014, a group of 30 technicians ultimately voted not to join the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace workers. Meanwhile, at Google, a group of more than 800 have recently joined the Alphabet Workers Union, which was formed in early January. The AWU is a minority union, a kind of union that cannot negotiate contracts. But, the union has said, they will still be able to advocate for workers who would be excluded from a traditional union, like the temporary workers, contractors, and vendors who make up more than half of Google’s global workforce. And in the world of app-based gig workers, a debate has been raging for years about whether Uber and Instacart workers are full employees with rights to overtime and collective bargaining—or contractors, which have neither. In California, state law has changed twice in the last year to try to answer this question. SciFri producer Christie Taylor talks to legal scholar Veena Dubal, and historian Margaret O’Mara, about this rise in union activity, and the way tech companies have impacted our lives—not just for their customers, but also for their workers. Fish Versus Feather: Georgia’s Salt Marsh Smackdown At Science Friday, we love a smackdown, whether it’s a debate over which mammal has better sonar—dolphins versus bats—or which planet is the best to host signs of life—Mars or Venus? But when it comes to fish versus birds, we don’t need to manufacture drama. Nature gave us its own. Corina Newsome, a graduate student at Georgia Southern University, was studying how seaside sparrows adapt to nest flooding, an environment where the most likely predators are animals like minks and raccoons. That’s when she caught on film a very unusual interaction: A fish entered a sparrow’s nest, and killed one of the new hatchlings. Newsome joins Ira to explain what she saw, and how climate change is helping to turn the tables on this predator-prey relationship. The Neuroscience Behind Seeing Color The basic mechanics of how we see color sounds simple enough—light hits an object and bounces into our eye. Then, our brain processes that information. But how we perceive color is much more complicated. Neuroscientist and artist Bevil Conway is mapping out how the neurons in our brain respond to color to make a neurological color model. He explains how color might encode meaning, and the plasticity of our visual system.

Transcript

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0:00.0

This is Science Friday. I'm Ira Flato. Here at SciFry, you know, we love a good debate.

0:05.2

We've pitted Mars versus Venus, Clash Dolphins versus Bat Sonar. And now there's some new contenders.

0:12.9

Here's SciFri producer Katie Feather, telling us more about it. Hi, Katie.

0:17.3

Hey, Ira. Are you ready for another Smackdown? I am ready to rumble. How do you feel about

0:23.7

birds versus fish? Well, it depends on the wine you're serving. Oh, oh, you mean in a fight.

0:32.1

Yeah. Yeah, it's usually the birds getting the better of the fish, right? Like the fish are typically the prey,

0:38.2

the birds are the predators. Yeah, that's how it goes. But Karina Newsom, a bird researcher and

0:43.3

community manager for Georgia Audubon, captured the first ever instance of a fish predating a

0:49.4

bird's nest. No, how does a fish get into a bird's nest? Right?

0:54.4

Well, this is where things get a little sad because these birds, Karina, is studying seaside sparrows.

1:00.3

They make their nests in these three-foot-tall marsh grasses.

1:03.6

And with climate change, their nests are getting flooded.

1:07.3

I see.

1:08.2

So the tide comes in, the nests are underwater now, and that sets the stage for the

1:13.1

fish versus bird showdown. Right. And she captured all this on video. Hmm, if you ask me,

1:21.8

that was kind of lucky. Right? That's what I wanted to ask her first. How did she happen to have a camera aimed at a nest at the exact right moment?

1:30.5

So as part of my research for my master's degree, I'm studying nest predation in the seaside sparrow.

1:36.7

I was actually focusing on mammalian nest predators like raccoons and American mink and rice rats.

1:42.7

But the nature of having a camera on a nest is that

1:45.4

you see anything that goes on behind the scenes of marsh life. And then one night, there was a

1:50.5

nest flooding event where a fish jumped into the nest, was definitely not expecting that

1:54.8

observation, but it happened to happen while I was looking for mammalian predators.

...

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