Hi, this is Tom, and in this episode I'm going to be going through Squint.

And you can find notes at 0tofinals.com slash squint and in the 0 to Finals Pediatrics book.

And you can find flashcards and questions to train your knowledge at members.0.0.5.com.

So let's jump straight in.

Squint refers to misalignment of the eyes.

It's also known as strabismus.

When the eyes are not aligned, the images on the retina do not match.

This can cause double vision, although the brain often

compensates to prevent this. The brain may favour one eye and reduce the input from the other,

leading to that eye becoming weaker. If this is not treated, the weaker eye does not develop normal vision, leading to a

permanent reduction in vision, which is called amblyopia. Concommonent squints are due to problems with how

the eyes are controlled and how they work together, rather than a problem with the eye muscles themselves.

The degree of deviation will be equal during eye movements in all directions.

Paralytic squints are uncommon in children and are more often seen in adults.

Paralytic squints are due to paralysis in one or more of the extra

ocular muscles that control eye movement. In contrast to concommonent squints, the degree of variation

will vary when the eyes are moved in different directions. Let's go through some basic definitions.

Strabismus refers to when the eyes are misaligned.

Ampliopia refers to when the affected eye has reduced vision compared with the stronger

eye.

Esotropia refers to an inward position squint,

meaning the affected eye is towards the nose.

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