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Scientific American 60 Second Science. I'm Suzanne Bard.

More than 1500 feet below the surface of the ocean, it's darker than a moonless night.

But even in this murky world, there's constant activity, including groups of Humboldt

squid, each the size of a small adult human darting around in search of fish.

You can think of them as little rocket ships. They jet through the water.

They engage in these feeding frenzies. They're always looking out for an opportunity to eat.

Stanford University biologist Ben Burford.

He says feeding in a group requires careful navigation.

These animals are cannibalistic, they're pretty aggressive, so there's probably some risk to group living.

We think a lot of communication they do in these groups helps with that.

Like imagine driving and heavy traffic

with a bunch of aggressive drivers, say down in Los Angeles.

Thank goodness you have turn signals and brake lights and horns

on your cars because that prevents a lot of

catastrophe from happening.

Erford thinks Humboldt Squid communicate in the dark ocean by using their own form of

signaling. They do it by turning their bodies into animated message boards.

How? Like other cephalopods, they can rapidly change the pigmentation patterns

on their skin by contracting and relaxing their muscles.

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