Understanding the human body is a team effort. That's where the Yachtel group comes in.

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When it comes to a guide for your gut, count on YacL.

This is Scientific Americans' 60-second science.

I'm Jim David.

That strange sound? It's Earth's magnetosphere, the magnetic field created by the movement of the iron core deep within the planet.

The magnetosphere is a shield, protecting us from dangerous cosmic rays, and it vibrates like a drum when jets of charged particles from the sun, called plasma, crash into it. The theory describing this phenomenon was developed in the 1970s, but it wasn't until recently that we had the tools to observe it.

In 2007, NASA launched five satellites to study the magnetosphere

in a mission called Time History of Events and Macroscale interactions during substorms, or Themis.

We ended up making use of all five NASA Themis probes back very early in the mission, actually,

when they were almost in a perfectly straight line.

Martin Archer, Professor of Physics and Astronomy at Queen Mary University of London.

And that was really ideal for trying to tease apart exactly what happens when something

impulsive hits our magnetosphere.

So basically what happened in this particular event is really quite simple.

You had a jet of plasma traveling very fast that impacted on the magnetopause.

That's the boundary of our magnetosphere.

That then sent out ripples in all directions.

Now some of those will then travel towards the north and southern poles

...