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This is Scientific Americans 60 Second Science.

I'm Jason Goldman.

What has eight legs, eight eyes, and lives together with thousands of others like it?

Araknophobia sufferers do not want to hear the answer, which is spiders that live in large social groups.

It's pretty rare to find such group-l living spiders. Of the 45,000 spider species

we know about, only about 25 are social. These species we've massive webs and dwell in colonies

of dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of individual spiders.

When we want to count the spiders inside the colony, what we do is somebody rips apart

the colony basically with their hands, and then we call it making it rain, and then dozens

or hundreds of spiders basically shower down a little silken lines, like little parachuters.

University of California Santa Barbara arachnologist Jonathan Pruitt.

He and his students study social spiders in South Africa's Kalahari Desert. After counting and weighing hundreds of African social spiders,

Pruitt and his team gave each spider a personality assessment. Some are bold, others shy. They wanted to

understand how the personality composition

of a colony influences its interactions with predators and how the colony behaved over time.

So the researchers combined their spiders into artificial groupings. Some of the experimental

colonies were composed only of bold spiders, others of shy ones, and some

...