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This is Scientific Americans' 60-second science. I'm Steve Merski. Got a minute?

It's particularly concerning that 56 million Americans a month admit that they drive when they haven't gotten enough sleep and they are exhausted.

Charles Zeisler. He's the director of the Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School.

Eight million of them lose the struggle to stay awake and actually admit to falling asleep at the wheel every month,

causing more than a million crashes every year, 50,000 debilitating injuries, and 6,400 deaths.

He spoke at a recent Harvard-T.H. Chan School of Public Health Forum called

a sleep at the wheel, drowsy driving, and public health. And we just finally got a consensus

group, the first consensus panel of experts to agree that if an individual has had less

than two hours of sleep in the previous 24 hours,

that that's the equivalent of being negligent and should be added to the statutes

just like drunk driving.

So, but there are three groups that are particularly vulnerable.

You know, young people think that because they're young, they're fit, they can do anything, that they would be the most resilient in the face of sleep

deprivation, but actually young people are the most vulnerable. There's actually a biological

reason. So as we get older, we lose cells in the sleep switch in the brain, in the hypothalamalamus that help us make the transition from wakefulness to sleep.

When we keep an 18-year-old awake all night and compare that to keeping a 70-year-old awake all night,

the 18-year-old will have 10 times as many involuntary lapses of attention than the older person.

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