SMS: The invention of text messaging
Witness History
BBC
4.5 • 1.6K Ratings
🗓️ 29 December 2025
⏱️ 10 minutes
🧾️ Download transcript
Summary
In October 1984, as the market for mobile phones was just opening up, one man decided it would be useful if the new technology could be used to send and receive short, electronic messages.
But colleagues of Friedhelm 'Fred' Hillebrand - an engineer for Germany's Deutsche Telekom - told him the system's 160-character limit for text messages rendered it "useless".
After spending an evening typing-up birthday, Christmas and fax messages Fred proved them wrong, and within 20 years the SMS or short message service had changed the way we communicate around the world.
Fred Hillebrand tells Jacqueline Paine how text messaging very nearly didn't take off until it was discovered by young people.
Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from the death of Adolf Hitler, the first spacewalk and the making of the movie Jaws, to celebrity tortoise Lonesome George, the Kobe earthquake and the invention of superglue. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: Eva Peron – Argentina’s Evita; President Ronald Reagan and his famous ‘tear down this wall’ speech; Thomas Keneally on why he wrote Schindler’s List; and Jacques Derrida, France’s ‘rock star’ philosopher. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the civil rights swimming protest; the disastrous D-Day rehearsal; and the death of one of the world’s oldest languages.
(Photo: News message on a mobile phone display. Credit: Blick/RDB/ullstein bild via Getty Images)
Transcript
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| 0:00.0 | BBC Sounds, Music, Radio, Podcasts. |
| 0:10.0 | Hello and welcome to witness history. I'm Jacqueline Payne and this is the podcast that takes you back to a key moment in history. |
| 0:18.0 | We bring it all to life through incredible archive and the amazing memories |
| 0:22.4 | of a key witness. Today I'm taking you into Europe and to Bonn, the former capital of West |
| 0:29.3 | Germany. This is the story of how in the 1980s one man completely transformed the way we |
| 0:35.7 | communicate in the modern world. |
| 0:43.9 | By inventing the first text messaging system for mobile phones. |
| 0:51.7 | It's October 1984 and telecoms engineer Friedhelm Hillebrandt, known to his friends as Fred, is sitting at his typewriter composing messages for birthday and Christmas cards. |
| 0:57.8 | There's a pile of telex and fax machine printouts next to him, |
| 1:01.5 | and he's counting the characters, spaces and punctuation marks in each of them. |
| 1:06.9 | Fred's collecting evidence for his colleagues at Germany's Deutsche Telecom, |
| 1:10.5 | so they'll back his new idea for sending texts on mobile phones. Fred's collecting evidence for his colleagues at Germany's Deutsche Telecom, |
| 1:14.6 | so they'll back his new idea for sending texts on mobile phones. |
| 1:15.9 | But there's a problem. |
| 1:20.0 | The new mobile network limits how long each message can be, |
| 1:23.6 | and it only lets you send 160 characters, |
| 1:27.8 | and no one in Fred's team thinks that will appeal to a mass market. |
| 1:32.8 | From my management and my colleagues, I got pretty nasty comments. |
| 1:39.6 | They said, look, Fred, this is the first service which has a limitation of message lengths in telecommunications. |
| 1:41.4 | What innovation is this? |
| 1:44.4 | And then they say things like, this is so short that it has no use at all for users. |
| 1:48.5 | This is totally useless. |
... |
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