A landmark ruling ordering oil giants to cut climate emissions is overturned. Live from the BBC

World Service, this is the Marketplace Morning Report. I'm Luke Wilson. Good morning. This week,

world leaders and campaigners are among those in Azerbaijan for COP 29, discussing how to best tackle climate change.

But in the last few hours,

the oil and gas giant Shell has won a landmark case in a court in the Netherlands, overturning a previous court ruling that demanded it cut its carbon emissions by 45%. The BBC's Anna Holicon is

at the appeals court in The Hague. Hi Anna. Hi, Luke.

So before we get into what's happened today, can you remind us about that original

2021 ruling? Yes, so this was a groundbreaking ruling from the judges at the district court in

the Hague and they said that in line with Friends of the Earth, so

milieu defence in the Netherlands, request Shell had to reduce its global carbon emissions

45% by 2030 compared to 2019 levels. That would have had huge implications.

Shell appealed, and that's where we are today.

So I'm speaking to you from inside the appeals court in the Hague.

Shell, of course, celebrating what has been described as a historic win against those climate campaigners. And why did the court find in Shell's favour this time around?

Really interesting judgment. So the appeals court judge said that Shell must contribute to

combating climate change based on the human right to protection against dangerous climate change.

So organisations like Shell do have a responsibility. That is an

important part of the judgment. However, the court said that Shell was already working to reduce

its CO2 emissions and that the court couldn't impose a definitive percentage, as Friends of

the Earth had requested, because there was no current accepted agreement

in climate science as to the actual specific amount. So we've had a response already from

Friends of the Earth. They have said that this verdict hurts, but it may not be the end of the

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